Раздел "Говорения" ЕГЭ по английскому часто кажется самым сложным и страшным. Во-первых, нужно уложиться в отведенное время. Во-вторых, общаться ученик будет с компьютером, а не с живым человеком.
На самом деле Устная часть ЕГЭ по английскому проще, чем кажется. Например, 75% ответа в задании 3 - подготовленная речь. Разберем, как готовиться к этому заданию, на что обратить внимание и как избежать ошибок.
Автор статьи - Ольга Якунина, преподаватель и сертифицированный экзаменатор, 8 лет стажа в лучшем лингвистическом ВУЗе России МГЛУ им. Мориса Тореза, подготовила 100+ учеников к поступлению на бюджет в МГУ, ВШЭ, МГЛУ и МГИМО
Что нужно сделать в задании 3
В задании 3 устной части ЕГЭ вам нужно выбрать одну из трёх фотографий и описать её на основе плана. Время на подготовку – 1,5 минуты. На описание картинки - 2 минуты. За это время надо наговорить 12-15 фраз. Максимум можно набрать 7 баллов.
Пример задания из демоверсии 2020 года:
Критерии оценивания
Ваш ответ будет оцениваться по следующим критериям:
1) Решение коммуникативной задачи
Этот критерий означает, что вы ответили на все вопросы задания и произнесли достаточное количество фраз:
- где было снято фото;
- кто/что изображен/о на фото;
- что происходит на фото;
- причина, по которой было снято фото;
- почему говорящий решил показать фото своему другу.
Максимум - 3 балла.
2) Организация высказывания
Ваше описание картинки должно быть логичным, нужно продумать вступительную и заключительную фразы. Не стоит забывать и про слова-связки (besides, but, first of all etc.).
Максимум - 2 балла.
3) Языковое оформление высказывания
По этому критерию будут оценивать грамматику, лексику и произношение.
Допускается не более 2 негрубых лексико-грамматических и/или не более 2 негрубых фонетических ошибок. То есть при наличии таких ошибок вы все равно сможете получить максимальный балл.
Если сделаете 5 и более лексико-грамматических ошибок и/или 5 и более фонетических ошибок или более двух грубых ошибок, то не получите ни одного балла.
Максимум - 2 балла.
Стратегии выполнения
1. Прежде всего рассмотрите быстро все 3 фотографии и выберите ту, которую вам будет проще описать:
- на фото больше предметов/людей,
- на изображении что-то происходит (есть действие),
- вы знаете больше слов для описания этого изображения.
2. Начните ответ с указания на выбранную фотографию: “I’ve chosen photo number …
3. Описывайте картинку по плану, предложенному в задании, чтобы ничего не забыть. Не стоит переставлять пункты местами. Последовательно отвечайте на вопросы:
- where and when the photo was taken
- what/who is in the photo
- what is happening
- why you keep the photo in your album
- why you decided to show the picture to your friend
4. Используйте простую грамматику, чтобы избежать ошибок.
5. Обязательно включите в свое высказывание 2-3 средства логической связи (слова-связки).
6. Помните, что вы описывает фотографию вашему другу, поэтому
вы постоянно обращаетесь к нему в ходе выполения задания.
7. Следите за временем.
Клише для Задания 3 устной части ЕГЭ
Я всегда советую своим ученика выбрать 1 шаблон ответа и использовать его каждый раз во время тренировок. Так вы хорошо запомните "скелет" ответа и на экзамене не запутаетесь в том, что нужно сказать в каждом пункте плана.
Вступление
- I’ve chosen photo №...
- As you know I’m keen on photography and I take pictures whenever I can. Now I want to show you one of my best pics.
Where and when the photo was taken
- I took it when I was on holiday with my friends/classmates/parents in …
- As far as I remember, it was last summer/winter...
What/who is in the photo In the picture
- You can see 2 people ...
- They are my …
- In the foreground there is/there are ...
- In the background you can see …
What is happening
- As you can see, (my relatives, grandparents, friends, the people in the photo...) are ...-ing ...
- As you can see, my friend (sister … ) is posing for the camera.
Совет: если на картинке особо ничего не происходит, (например, просто изображена красивая девушка, которая улыбается на камеру) можно описать внешность и одежду человека или природу на фоне.
Why you keep the photo in your album
- I keep this photo in my album because looking at it makes me go back in that time.
- I must say this was a very special day of my life.
Why you decided to show the picture to your friend
- I decided to show this photo to you as I know you always like to look through my holiday pictures.
- It is one of the best pictures I took during my trip. I hope you liked it as much as I do.
Заключение
- That’s all I wanted to say.
Ошибки
Внимательно прочитайте этот пункт, чтобы избежать самых частых ошибок, которые делают ученики.
- Забывают назвать номер выбранного изображения.
- Отвечающий говорит, что на фото изображен он сам. Этого делать нельзя, тк по заданию именно вы сделали эту фотографии (о селфи речи не идет).
- Забывают про вступление и заключение.
- Очень часто забывают сказать либо про место, либо про время в первом пункте плана.
Задания устной части
People and society
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Places to live, urban and rural life
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Education and learning
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Work and business
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Family and friends
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Food and drink
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Shops and services
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Travelling and tourism
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Holidays and culture
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Sport and hobbies
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Health and medicine
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Science and technology
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
|
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Weather and the environment
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
State and society
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
The law and crime
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Transport
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Fashion and design
Task 3. These are photos from your photo album. Choose one photo to describe to your friend.
| Photo 1 | Photo 2 | Photo 3 |
 |
 |
 |
You will have to start speaking in 1.5 minutes and will speak for not more than 2 minutes (12–15 sentences). In your talk remember to speak about:
• where and when the photo was taken;
• what/who is in the photo;
• what is happening;
• why you keep the photo in your album;
• why you decided to show the picture to your friend.
You have to talk continuously, starting with: “I’ve chosen photo number ...”
Набрать максимальные 7 баллов в Задании 3 устной части ЕГЭ вполне реально. Для этого нужно повторить лексику, выучить один шаблон ответа и тренироваться. Старайтесь описывать по 3-4 фотографии на каждую лексическую тему, записывайте ответ на диктофон, переслушивайте себя и делайте еще лучше. Practice makes perfect, как известно.
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